Grammar and the Role of Writing Center Tutors as Teachers of Grammar :: Teaching Writing Grammer Education

Grammar and the Role of Writing Center Tutors as Teachers of Grammar Communication in any form requires a protocol. The evolution of language from sounds into words is proof of that. People recognized that in order for two people to understand each other, they must have a common code that will allow each one to transmit and receive signals accurately. If the word â€Å"red† signified two different colors to two different people, for example, then there would be a breakdown of communication. Language has grown complex over time and in its current form, it enables users to communicate with precision and nuance. In the English language, specifically, the meaning of what is communicated depends not only on the words chosen, but also on where those words are placed and how they are modified. Semantics studies meaning and interpretation of words. This is separate from syntax, which deals with the physical location of a word (or other element of language) within a sentence (or other linguistic construct). Today, we usually use â€Å"grammar† an d â€Å"syntax† interchangeably, although syntax is a subset of grammar. Within the context of Writing Centers, this is acceptable, because when the issue of grammar comes up, it is always a matter of syntax; we never, for example, deal with phonology, which is also a subset of grammar. However, semantic issues are sometimes labeled grammatical issues, which is not correct. One might argue that what we call these issues does not matter so long as they are dealt with appropriately. In truth, it does matter, because by lumping semantic issues together with syntactic issues makes grammatical issues as a whole a larger issue, which is undesirable because grammar is already a much feared and religiously avoided area. I imagine a small, dark closet labeled Grammar, in an obscure part of the house that represents all the issues that Writing Centers deal with. Into the Grammar closet, students and tutors alike throw in several issues—actual grammar, but also semantics and mis cellaneous quirks of the language—and then shut the door. Over time, the inside of the closet becomes dusty and obscure, inaccessible as well something to be both feared and ignored. Come spring, nobody wants to be responsible for cleaning the grammar closet. Sadly, with the desire to focus on critical thinking in papers (i.e. content), those who plan Expository Writing classes or provide tutoring for it have gone from saying, â€Å"Critical thinking is the primary focus† to saying â€Å"Critical thinking is the only focus.

Franny and Zooey Character Analysis of Franny

Gokce Aysen Akp? nar 05. 11. 2012 Is Love for Yourself Possible? In J. D. Salinger’s book â€Å"Franny and Zooey†, the character Franny is a 20-year-old college girl who comes from a very loving and intellectual family. She has a boyfriend who is handsome and in love with her. Moreover, she used to act in a TV show named â€Å"It’s a Wild Child† with her siblings when she was a child. To put it in a nutshell, it can be thought that she is supposed to be a very happy young lady; however, she is not. Actually, Franny has lots of reasons not to be happy with her life.When we look at the very beginning of the ‘Franny’ section, we see some gestures and mimics of Franny indicating that the relationship between her and Lane is based on appearances: â€Å"’I’ve missed you. ’ The words were no sooner out than she realized that she didn’t mean them at all. Again with guilt, she took Lane’s hand and tightly, warmly lac ed fingers with him. † In this quotation, we see that Franny emphasizes the word ‘missed’ on purpose as if she wants to force herself to believe that she really missed him. The next sentence also supports this.She doesn’t miss Lane, she says so only because those are the right words to say at that time. After realizing her own pretentious affection, she feels like these fake words are noticed by Lane and she holds Lane’s hand tightly to cover this pretentious act. Another quotation that depicts Franny’s before-breakdown condition is when Lane tells Franny that she is perspiring a little and Franny tries to find her Kleenex branded tissues in her bag: â€Å"Franny brought her handbag up to table level, opened it, and began to rummage through it. ‘I have some Kleenex somewhere. †¦ Her handbag was a crowded one. To see better, she began to unload a few things and place them on the tablecloth, just to the left of her untasted sandwich. † When we look at her actions in this quotation, firstly we realise that she does not ‘look for’ the tissues, she ‘rummages through’ it. Lane’s realization of her perspiration apparently annoys her, so she wants to get rid of the sweat on her forehead immediately. Also, the emphasize on the ‘just to the left of her untasted sandwich’ indicates her physical restless next to her spiritual one.When it comes to the analysis of the character Franny, we can say that the objective of the character is to protect herself from the artificial environment in her department, in the play she quit, shortly, everyone around her. She finds everyone too pretentious, including her boyfriend Lane whom she calls ‘section man’. Although she loves literature and theatre, she is afraid to turn into someone pretentious just like the others, as a result, she tries to restrain herself from these people. In the respect of the superobjective of t his character, Franny tries to find her own resurrection in a spiritual way.She feels overwhelmed from the pretentious people around her and with the help of the green book, she believes she can find relief. The character Franny tries to fit in the society she is in which she thinks of as superficial. We can say that this is the most obvious goal of this character. While she tries to fit in, she cannot neglect the parts in people which she feels disgusted by. This is the main obsticle she comes across. Another obsticle could be her not being able to accept her elder brothers’ previous advice. However, after talking to Zooey thinking that she talks to Buddy, she finally finds the ultimate relief.

Coal and Iron and the Unification of Germany in 1871 Essay

Coal and Iron and the Unification of Germany in 1871 In 1862, Bismarck said that ‘the great questions of the day will be settled by blood and iron.’ Although there is undoubtedly some degree of accuracy in this statement, the most important reason for the unification of Germany, which ended ‘the great questions of the day,’ was ‘coal and iron.’ This is a quote from British economist John Maynard Keynes, who argued that the industrial and economic preparation before the wars, which united Germany, were more important. This is because the economic strength created by the rapid industrialisation enabled the creation of a powerful Prussia. It was under this powerful Prussia, with some skilful†¦show more content†¦The significance of this is that the economic expansion enabled the creation of a strong, powerful Prussia. It was under this Prussia that unification took place, and without such strength, it may never have succeeded. Furthermore, the creation of a comprehensive railway system was also significant in the unification of Germany. It further underpinned the economic and military strength of Prussia, and this strength was essential in Prussia success in the wars of German unification. In 1835, there was only 6km of railway track. However, by 1846 there was more than 2000 km of track. The hub of these railways was in Berlin, in Prussia. This meant that Prussia reaped the benefits of them. The building of the railways stimulated work and the growth of towns. The railways were also good because they allowed goods, particularly heavy materials, produced in heavy industries since the economic take off, to be transported. In the event of any conflict, the railways could also be used to transport troops. This would provide Prussia with even greater military and political strength, which would be necessary to unite Germany. The social benefits of the railways were that people were no longer restricted from travelling across the Confederation. The railways brought people together, andShow MoreRelatedThe Importance of Bismarck to German Unification Essay723 Words   |  3 PagesThe Importance of Bismarck to German Unification When Bismarck became chancellor of Prussia in 1862 nationalism had already started 47 years ago in 1815. Although Bismarck greatly helped the move towards unification there were also many other factors involved. These factors included things such as the economic power of the Zollverein and the fact that having a strong country would make them safer, and they all shared the same enemy: France. It is necessary to compareRead MoreTo what extent was Bismarck responsible for the unification of Germany?1724 Words   |  7 PagesUnder the guidance of Bismarck, the Prussian chancellor, the unification of a Kleindeutsch (small Germany) took place in 1871 after Prussia defeated France. There is often historical debate over who was responsible for the unification of Germany. Controversy is caused amongst those who believe that Bismarck was fully responsible for German unification and those who believe other factors played an equally or even more important part. The historian Pflanze is an example of someone who considers BismarckRead More In What Major Respects Had Europe Changed By 1971 From The Situation I2237 Words   |  9 Pagesthe 1815 until the 1871, Europe underwent a great change. As the revolution of the 1830s showed, the Vienna Settlement did not last, even though the great European powers were able for a while to take the situation under control with brutal repression. Ho wever, it was impossible to stop the liberal revolution, which led to important political events and deep social changes. In the political field there are three major events: the rise of Napoleon III, the unification of Germany and the Italian RisorgimentoRead MoreWithin the Context of Germany 1789 – 1890 How Important a Role Did Bismarck Play in the Unification of Germany?4340 Words   |  18 PagesForeign Minister of Prussia . Within nine years a new German nation state was created by the unification of the numerous independent German-speaking states in central Europe. The creation of Germany as a cohesive political and integrated country occurred on 18 January 1871 at the palace of Versailles in France. Following the military defeat of France by Prussia in the Franco/Prussian war, (July 1870 to January 1871), the leaders of the existing Germanic states attended a ceremony there to proclaim WilhelmRead MoreCompare and Contrast the Unification of Germany, Italy, and the U nited States2346 Words   |  10 PagesCompare and Contrast the Unification of Germany, Italy, and the United States From the 1790s to 1814 French troops successively conquered and occupied the area that later constituted the German Empire. French domination helped to modernize and consolidate Germany and -- toward the end -- sparked the first upsurge of German nationalism. In different ways the French emperor Napoleon I helped German unification. It was important that he encouraged many of the middle-sized German states toRead MoreEssay about Unification of Germany2154 Words   |  9 PagesUnification of Germany On January 18, 1871, the German Empire was proclaimedà ¥Ã‚ ®Ã‚ £Ãƒ ¤Ã‚ ½Ã‹â€ Ãƒ ¦Ã‹â€ Ãƒ §Ã‚ «Ã¢â‚¬ ¹. It is a turning pointà ¨Ã‚ ½Ã¢â‚¬ °Ãƒ ¦Ã‚ ©Ãƒ ©Ã‚ »Ã… ¾ in the European history, and was one of the remote causesà ©Ã‚  Ãƒ ¥Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ‚   that led to the outbreak of the First World War. In fact, the success of German unification was due to the interplayà ¤Ã‚ ºÃ¢â‚¬â„¢Ãƒ §Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃ‚ ¸Ãƒ ¤Ã‚ ºÃ‚ ¤Ãƒ §Ã‚ ¹Ã¢â‚¬  of many factors. Ideological ----------- a. Liberalism: Ideas of liberalism had been sown by the French Revolution and Napoleonic Wars. During theRead MoreEssay on The Impact of Industrialization 908 Words   |  4 PagesConditions were harsh and dangerous, and some of the workers were as young as five. However, many workers soon banded together to form labor unions in order to gain better benefits at their workplace. The British Parliament legalized labor unions in 1871 and permitted workers to picket during strikes four years later (Judge 680). Expanding labor unions drastically improved wages and working conditions for employees on both sides of the Atlantic. The U.S. Government would later pass laws that limitedRead MoreEssay Bismarck Claims The Credit For German Unification2255 Words   |  10 PagesBismarck Claims The Credit For German Unification In the early 19th Century, the growth of nationalism and the growing economic strength of the German states was very great. The Germans shared a common identity in the form of language race and heritage such as music, literature and poetry. The growing improvements in communications and transport also brought the states one step closer together. The reduction of the number of German states from 365 to 39 states madeRead MoreIndustrialization Of The Industrial Revolution859 Words   |  4 Pagesstep was to build railroads to link coal to iron deposits and factories to markets. Belgium industrialized after Britain, because being small and compact, its coal deposits were near each other. The government established a railroad to tie the nation’s closer, railroad construction in France was backed by British capital. Paris linked the agricultural south with the industrial centers in the north. Germany started industrializing after the Unification in 1871. Industrialization spread to the UnitedRead MoreEssay on France And Germanys Relationships From 1815-19172322 Words   |  10 Pagesa vast number of changes. There were good and bad ones. The main principle of this time period was that people were starting to realize that peace should be prevalent throughout Europe. This paper will discuss the relationships between France and Germany during the time period of 1815 – 1917. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The paper will primarily focus on the Franco Prussian War, The Revolutions of 1848, the Dreyfus affair, the Austro Prussian War, imperialism and the beginning of World War One and

Building a Coalition - 1499 Words

WEEK 3: Case Study Building a Coalition Leadership Organizational Behavior : MGMT 591-65531 PART I: Group Development At this point in time, the group is not yet even development. It almost seems as if all the individual organizations are storming because they want to make sure that each one of their opinions is heard, and they have control of the situation. No one wants to give up their own power or control. They have started off correctly as it is stated in the case that HR representatives from each organization have been selected to pick individuals from each organization that they feel will have the best impact and will be proficient leaders. The individuals chosen need to understand the stages of group†¦show more content†¦Developing a coherent plan will be the biggest struggle incorporating everyone’s opinions as much as possible and trying to please everyone at the same time will be the additional struggle. The plan will have to be easy enough to follow so that it can be implemented as quickly as possible now and slowly change as time goes on. It will be easier for students to adjust to the smaller changes over a longer course of time, than having their worlds turned upside down all at once. Also implementing changes a little at a time will help teachers to adjust and keep up their motivation and not be burnt out too quickly as students will be less resistant to small changes. This will also help with training new staff members as they come in. Having a handbook to guide further changes will help to continue moving the project forward in further years, and keep up with the progress of changed making sure the project stays successful and is not just a quick fix. PART III: Retrospective Evaluation The primary problems will be the power struggle and diversity will also play a role in this power struggle, and who relates best to the students. Also another issue will be making sure that the individual organizations feel that they are being equally represented, and heard. Each individual has their own struggles and comes from different backgrounds, we cannot judge what we have not gone through and cannot say how it affects that individual.Show MoreRelatedBuilding a Coalition Essay1739 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿Case Study Student Name Student e-mail MGMT591 Leadership and Organizational Behavior Professor Russell Wright January 26th   2014 Part I: Group Development After reading the case study â€Å"Building a Coalition† I think that within the five-stage group-development model described in our textbook the group involved in the case is somewhere between   the forming stage and storming stage, I can see signs of both stages at the same time. The textbook says that during the formingRead MoreWhat Building A Coalition Means1149 Words   |  5 PagesIn this Case Study we deal with several different issues. First we must define what building a coalition means. Coalition can be defined as a group or groups of people joined together for a common purpose. Building a Coalition in this case study simply means persons coming together (Washington D.C. school district and Woodson Foundation) to be on one accord for the betterment of the students in Washington, D.C. Public school system. There are several issues with the Washington D.C. public schoolRead MoreA Research Study On Building A Coalition Essay975 Words   |  4 PagesBuilding a Coalition In this case study we are managing a couple distinctive issues. The Washington, DC. Government funded educational system, generally as most educational systems, has seen a decrease in understudy execution over the later past. A multitude of issues range from truancy, low understudy execution and criminal actions. Exactly when another, cutting-edge educator or employee arrives, they lean to wear away as they are met with unforgiving circumstances in the classroom. This reportRead MoreCase Study : Building A Coalition853 Words   |  4 PagesCase Study – Building a Coalition Group Development There are five stages of group development, also known as the Tuckman’s Model, which are forming, storming, norming, performing, and adjourning (Robbins Judge, 2014, p. 246). The initial stage of forming occurs when the team initially comes together and is establishing its foundation, team members, and understanding the boundaries and parameters (Robbins Judge, 2014, p. 246). The next stage, storming, is where conflict exists (Robbins JudgeRead MoreCase Study: Building a Coalition Essay1192 Words   |  5 PagesMGMT 591 11/9/2014 Case Study: Building a Coalition Dr. Anne Hallcom Case Study: Building a Coalition for Woodson Foundation The Woodson Foundation, a large nonprofit social service agency, is teaming up with the public school system in Washington, D.C, to improve student outcomes. It appears the schools have problems with truancy, low student performance and crime. The teachers are discouraged to help students due to the disrespect and behavioral issues in the classroom. The turnoverRead MoreCase Study for Building a Coalition for Woodson Foundation1075 Words   |  5 PagesCase Study for Building a Coalition for Woodson Foundation. The Woodson Foundation, a large nonprofit social service agency is teaming up with the public school system in Washington D.C. to improve student outcomes. There’s ample room for improvement. The schools have problems with truancy, low student performance, and crime. New staff quickly burn out as their initial enthusiasm for helping students is blunted by the harsh realities they encounter in the classroom. Turnover among new teachersRead MoreSense Of Urgency : Building A Powerful Guiding Coalition942 Words   |  4 Pagesinto your ideas. Kotter suggests, â€Å"spend significant time and energy building urgency, before moving onto the next steps. Do not panic and jump in too fast because you don t want to risk further short-term losses† (Mindtools, 2016). Step 2: Building a Powerful Guiding Coalition Having a strong leadership team and reliable support system is important when guiding change. To lead change, you need to bring together a coalition, or team, of influential people whose power comes from a variety of sourcesRead MoreMgmt 591 Case Study 3 Building Coalitions 2226 Words   |  9 PagesCase Study 3: Building a Coalition Keller Graduate School of Management MGMT 591: Leadership and Organizational Behavior March 22, 2015 CASE STUDY 3: BUILDING A COALITION !1 Part 1: Group Development The five-stage group-development model consists of: forming, storming, norming, performing, and adjourning. (Robbins 275) 1. Forming stage. In this first stage, the team is getting to know each other, their backgrounds, work experience, and learning about their strengths and weaknesses. InformalRead MoreBuilding Strange Bedfellows : Indiana Housing And Community Development Coalition1645 Words   |  7 PagesBuilding Strange Bedfellows – Indiana Housing and Community Development Coalition Toward the end of the 2015 meeting of the Indiana General Assembly (â€Å"Session†), it became evident that a few advocacy organizations were seemingly misinformed and disconnected from IHCDA policy positions. Rather than addressing these issues individually, IHCDA seized the opportunity to develop a much broader working group of advocates and experts that are connected to housing and community development in Indiana. AfterRead MoreBuilding Coalitions And Establishing Arenas For Negotiating Differences Into Workable Pacts2306 Words   |  10 Pagesorganization can sometimes be inevitable. For some personnel in an organization, change can lead to a positive or negative perspective. It is suggested that â€Å"successful change requires an ability to frame issues, politically, confronting conflict, building coalitions and establishing arenas for negotiating differences into workable pacts† (Bolman Deal, 2013). There is always a mission for every organization, the courtho use also has it s mission, and it is as follows: The Superior Court of California,

Salvador Sausage Business Plan - 5479 Words

1.0 Executive Summary • By focusing on its heritage and the strength it brings into the products, their quality, and uniqueness, Salvadors will increase its sales to more than $2 million by the turn of the century, while improving the gross margin on sales cash management and working capital. • This business plan leads the way. It renews our vision and strategic focus on the quality and value we put in our products and the market segment originally targeted. Our vision has been broadened by the success we have found in the marketplace, to the extent of adding new products and current plans on additional items and services. It has given us a step-by-step plan to meet and exceed our goals for increased sales, gross margin, and†¦show more content†¦We are selling quality and product-uniqueness in a market segment filled with competition. Our approach is to take our product image up-market because or our rich heritage and uncompromising view of product quality. This focus has enabled us to view the voids in the market, and add product to our line that will fill it. We have researched and reviewed other ethnic food item organizations, tracking their successes and positioning ourselves similarly. Salvadors is building a reputation for high quality and strong value in a product filled with authentic Hispanic flavor. We service our dealers just as if they were a part of the family - and that is our unique approach to marketing our products. You are not just a dealer; not just a consumer; you are special to us - you are family. We go to great lengths to provide our dealers with high quality products, and the ability to make a good margin on them. In addition, we make ourselves available for on-site demonstrations of the product at no charge to them. We hope to continue offering this service, but at a minimal cost to lower our expenses in the future. 3.1 Product Description We currently offer two basic product lines: • Our original product, Salsa, was available only in a hot flavor. Because of consumer demand, we have added extra hot and mild flavors. • Chips, both yellow cornShow MoreRelatedImpact on Young Generation by Advertising Strartigies5850 Words   |  24 Pagesrestaurant formats; the original family-style Red Roof dine-in locations, delivery locations that offer a carry-out, delivery, and dine-in options, and the store front delivery and carry-out locations. Additionally, Pizza Hut also has a number of other business concepts that are different from the store type; Pizza Hut Bistro locations are Red Roofs which offer an expanded menu and slightly more upscale options. Finally, the Wingstreet concept co-locates Yum s WingStreet chicken wing choices brand withRead MoreStrategic Managment Paper for Mcdonalds Philippines7003 Words   |  29 Pages Executive Summary I. Introduction McDonald’s is the world’s largest chain of fast food restaurant serving more than 58 million customers daily. The firm has an excess of 30,000 restaurants worldwide employing 1.5 million people. The business began in 1940 with a restaurant opened by two brothers namely Richard and Maurice McDonald in San Bernardino, California and then was bought by Ray Kroc who is now the founder of the McDonald’s corporation. A McDonalds restaurant is operated byRead MoreUnited Arab of Emirates Country Notebook18844 Words   |  76 Pagesthe sixth grade, the last grade of primary education. Primary school enrollment for males in 2006 stood at 85% and 82% of females. 97% of entrants reached the 5th grade. The Ministry of Education has adopted â€Å"Education 2020,† a series of five-year plans designed to introduce advanced education techniques, improve innovative skills, and focus more on the self-learning abilities of students. As part of this program, an enhanced curriculum for mathematics and integrated science was introduced at first-gradeRead MoreUnited Arab of Emirates Country Notebook18844 Words   |  76 Pagesthe sixth grade, the last grade of primary education. Primary school enrollment for males in 2006 stood at 85% and 82% of females. 97% of entrants reached the 5th grade. The Ministry of Education has adopted â€Å"Education 2020,† a series of five-year plans designed to introduce advanced education techniques, improve innovative skills, and focus more on the self-learning abilities of students. As part of this program, an enhanced curriculum for mathematics and integrated science was introduced at first-gradeRead MoreBrazil Culture17445 Words   |  70 PagesISTANBUL UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION JANUARY 2007 .INDEX Preface†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦3 List of Tables†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 3 I. INTRODUCTION†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.4 II.CULTURAL PATTERNS OF BRAZIL†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. A. Social Institutions†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 1. Historical†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦5 2. Geographical†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 7 3. Demographical†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 8 4. Political†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 10 5. Economic†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦13Read MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pagestwenty-four hours and â€Å"not more than one consecutive WORLD MIGRATION IN THE LONG TWENTIETH CENTURY †¢ 11 year for leisure, business or other purposes,† as tourists are described by the World Tourism Organization.5 Much of this mobility is a continuation and expansion of practices that have been going on for centuries: travel for trade and business, the colonization of agricultural lands, the movement of soldiers and sailors, and the constant ebb and flow of forced and free labor

Introduction to plagiarism free essay sample

The degree of plagiarism can range from simply failing to correctly reference sources of material used in assignments to direct copying of material without acknowledgment (English, 1999). Plagiarism is clearly a form of academic misconduct. Universities generally incorporate a component on plagiarism in the policy and procedures they use to assess students. It is indicated that they regarded plagiarism as an ethical issue since it allowed students to obtain marks for work that was not their own and this was unfair to other students. However, they felt that it was difficult to know exactly what constituted plagiarism as they often wrote essays after discussing their ideas with other students or taking detailed notes from reading materials. As a result, it was not easy to identify who actually owns the ideas that were expressed in their writing. Several of the interviewees stated that university regulations on plagiarism where difficult to interpret and no attempt had been made to explain what was acceptable when using the ideas of other authors. We will write a custom essay sample on Introduction to plagiarism or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Several studies have surveyed dents regarding academic misconduct and found that plagiarism is frequently used by students when writing assignments. Some studies have found that the amount of plagiarism taking place over time has increased. Student cheating has garnered much public attention recently. A perception reflected in media accounts is that acts of academic dishonesty among students in college. Plagiarism is not a new phenomenon. However, recent reports in the literature and the popular media have raised and continue to raise concerns about the high incidences of plagiarism in higher education Times Higher Educational Supplement (THESE), AAA, Bibb, AAA, Bibb, 2000; park, 2003). Not only does plagiarism undermine academic integrity and standards, it also denied the principles of intellectual property rights.Equally too, the genuine efforts, the worth and laudable achievement of students who do not plagiarism are seriously undermined by activities of the few who plagiarism. There is little doubt that plagiarism occurs among university students (Bennett, 2005). However, understanding why plagiarism occurs is perhaps more important than the knowledge that plagiarism occurs. Developing an understanding of the causes of plagiarism can give academics and university administrators helpful guidance as to how it may be reduced. However, as Rigs 1 997 study confirmed, undergraduate students by in large do not always have the skills or training necessary to understand the more common slippery slope of plagiarism involved in incorrect instances of paraphrasing (Rig, 1997). Representing a much smaller section of the literature covering plagiarism, Rigs (1 997, 1999) research examines problematic areas of student understanding such as paraphrasing.

Narrative of the Life of Fredrick Douglass

â€Å"Narrative of the Life of Fredrick Douglass† is a biographical account of the experiences of a former slave in Maryland. The author, Fredrick Douglass was born Fredrick Bailey Circa in Maryland around 1818 as a slave in a big plantation. During his years as a slave, Douglass moved around a lot as his masters kept changing. Eventually, Douglass was able to escape slavery and relocate to New York. In New York, he started a family but his fugitive status prompted him to move further north to Massachusetts.Advertising We will write a custom book review sample on Narrative of the Life of Fredrick Douglass specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The author had started to learn how to read and write during his slavery days in Maryland. After he escaped, he continued with his self-education and began his activities with the Abolitionist newspaper, â€Å"Liberator†. Soon afterwards, he began giving lectures in meetings that wer e organized by the Abolitionist Movement. The â€Å"Narrative of the Life of Fredrick Douglass† serves as an account of slavery as well as its interpretation. Douglass wrote the book amid opposition from people who doubted the authenticity of his account. Most people doubted that a man as eloquent as Douglass had been a slave. The opposition to his accounts soon spread to include slave abolitionists who felt that he should concentrate on the â€Å"facts of his story† and abstain from delving into the philosophy behind slavery. â€Å"Narrative of the Life of Fredrick Douglass† was written as a response to the author’s critics. Douglass used real people and places’ names to ensure that the authenticity of his book could be proven. The book’s preface also maintains that Douglass is the ‘sole author’ of the book. The book was mostly intended for the stakeholders in the abolitionist movement. This means both those supporting slavery and those who were against it could have benefited from reading the narrative. The book was very popular after it was published and it prompted the author to start his own abolitionist newspaper and write two more volumes of his narrative. The book’s popularity was occasioned by the author’s ability to tell the slavery story and interpret it even to an opinionated audience. The book offers a personal account of the author’s time as slave. The author was born into slavery and served various masters until the time he managed to escape at the age of twenty. His account mostly revolved around the treatment he received as a slave. After his escape, a now educated Douglass would often be invited as a speaker in meetings organized by the American Anti-Slavery Society. His eloquence and his stories were very popular with audiences during such meetings. The book begins by giving an account of the author’s origin. According to the book, the author’s mother w as also a slave and his father was probably a white slave master (Douglass 24). Douglass never knew his exact date of birth as slave masters often hid this information from slaves.Advertising Looking for book review on biography? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The book details how Douglass was separated from his mother soon after he was born. According to him, this practice was meant to vandalize the natural bond between mothers and their children. When the author’s mother died, he was around seven years old and he recalls having no deep emotions about it. However, the author reckons that his childhood slavery experiences were much better compared to those of fellow slaves. The subsequent chapter in the book starts with a detailed analysis of the structure and the activities of his master’s family. The life at Colonel Lloyd’s plantations was not easy for many slaves. The slaves had to report to a central point where they received their pork, fish, and corn allowances each month. Other than their meager food rations, adult slaves were given clothing once a year, a single blanket, and they had to sleep on the floor. In the book, slaves often held the ‘great farmhouse’ in high regard and they felt privileged to be sent on an errand at this central house (Douglass 65). The author also addresses the issue of the songs that were sung by slaves while they worked. It was often misconstrued that the slaves sung out of joy while indeed the songs were bitter protests against slavery. In these two chapters, Douglass begins by doing an analysis of the institution of slavery. His insider account is very valuable to his arguments. The third chapter of this book gives an account of Colonel Lloyd the man who owned Douglass. It starts with an interesting account of how Mr. Lloyd prevented slaves from eating the fruits in his esteemed garden. In another instance, Lloyd sells off a slave a fter entrapping the slave to give an honest opinion about him (Mr. Lloyd). In the next chapter, the author gives an account of the cruelty of the slave overseers who sometimes killed slaves in cold blood. These two chapters are used to explore the inhumanity of slavery and those who embrace it. In the next two chapters, the author continues to narrate his personal experiences as a slave including his transfer to Baltimore. According to Douglass, this transfer would contribute to his quest for freedom. His life in the new household was characterized by the kindness of his mistress who even started to teach him how to read and write (Douglass 146). However, this kindness towards him is terminated by his master and mistress. The author says his thirst for freedom started while he was in the Auld household after the initial exposure to education. The last chapters in the book are an account of the author’s attempts at gaining freedom. These efforts include him continuing with sel f-education and a failed escape plot. The book ends with Douglass escaping successfully. He then reunites with Anna Murray and they get married in New York before moving further north. The author uses the book’s appendix to make a few clarifications including his take on religion.Advertising We will write a custom book review sample on Narrative of the Life of Fredrick Douglass specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Douglass uses his biography as a testament against slavery. His attempts are successful because of the authenticity of his personal experiences. In addition, his strong narrative and oratory skills are very valuable. As one of the earliest African-American voices against slavery, Douglass’s work serves two purposes. The first purpose is to open his audience’s eyes against slavery. The second purpose is to act as an articulate argument against slavery by a former slave. Using real names in his book was a good authentication tool for the book even if it compromised the safety of some fellow slaves and those who aided his escape. Sometimes in this book, the author can be seen trying to defend the actions of his characters involuntarily. This can weaken his most sought after authenticity in this book. â€Å"Narrative of the Life of Fredrick Douglass† is one of the most significant autobiographies in history. The book is also among the first personal accounts of what slaves went through in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. The detailed accounts of slavery experiences in the book serve as a historical reminder of American slavery. The book’s has remained relevant several centuries after it was first published and it is likely to remain so for many years to come. Works Cited Douglass, Frederick. Narrative of the Life of an American Slave, New York, NY: Transaction Publishers, 2009. Print. This book review on Narrative of the Life of Fredrick Douglass was written and submitted by user Jaime Rojas to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here. Narrative of the Life of Fredrick Douglass Introduction Douglass’s book, Narrative of the Life of Fredrick Douglass- An American Slave, provides the best evidence about American slavery. In the book, Douglass gives vivid evidence that he was once a slave; a fact that was doubted by many critics due to his oration skills and impeccable language (Douglass 11).He also gives solid evidence of the inhumanity that was characteristic of this institution. Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Narrative of the Life of Fredrick Douglass – An American Slave specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Douglss begins the book by giving a detailed description of his childhood life and the effects that slavery had on him as a child. He then goes on to give a detailed description of the brutality that was perpetrated against American slaves during his time as a slave. The book is filled with names, scenes and events which evidence its truthfulness. This paper is a descrip tion of the brutality that Douglas witnessed as a slave (Douglass 4). Aspects of American slavery American slavery was characterized with many acts of inhumanity. Slaves were denied their rights to literacy, severely beaten, overworked in farms, provided with poor living conditions, abused sexually, separated from their families, killed, tortured psychologically and emotionally, dehumanized, etc. Let us have a look at the evidence of these acts of inhumanity portrayed in Douglass’s book. Whippings The most portrayed act of inhumanity is the frequent beatings that were perpetrated on slaves. After Aunt Hester had gone out, she was severely beaten and caused to bleed profusely. All this was done because she was not there when the master â€Å"desired her presence† (Douglass 14). This is an act of inhumanity because it appears that the slaves were â€Å"tethered† like livestock and were not free to attend their needs. Before the beating, she was stripped from her neck to the waist and then whipped severely. This can be seen as an indication that her master, Captain Anthony, was abusing her sexually. This claim is substantiated by the fact that Aunt Hester had gone out to see a male neighbor named Ned Roberts. Captain Anthony was calling her a â€Å"b – – – – -b b – – – -h† (Douglass 14) as he whipped her. Captain Anthony got his name, presumably, from having sailed at Chesapeake Bay. Another evidence of beatings perpetrated on slaves is seen when Douglass is taken to the custody of Mr. Covey. He says that he was whipped every week until one day he collapsed while working in the farm. However, one day as Covey wanted to tie him for his weekly routine, Douglass protested and put up a fight. They fought for two hours until Douglass won the fight. This can be seen as one of the things that encouraged Douglass to relentlessly fight against the institution of slavery. It is also the beginni ng of Douglass’s confidence in his manhood. This is because after the fight, he was never beaten again. Douglass also explains how his mother received frequent whippings for not being in the farm at sunrise since she travelled at night to see him (Douglass 12). Advertising Looking for report on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More If a slave committed major misdemeanors, tried to escape or opposed the authority of the overseers in the farms, he/she was exposed to severe beatings before being sold. There is also a woman who was whipped in the presence of her children, who were crying begging the overseer to stop whipping their mother. The woman is said to have been whipped by Mr. Severe in front of her children until her blood ran for almost thirty minutes (Douglas 17). Psychological and emotional torture There is substantial evidence of psychological and emotional torture perpetrated on slaves by their masters. Firs t of all, the separating of infants from their mothers before they were one year old amounts to emotional torture on both the mothers and their children. Douglass explains how his mother walked a distance of about twelve miles night after night to see him. This was after she was separated from him during his infancy (Douglass 12). When his mother was sick and during her death, Douglass was not allowed to go and see her. Even when she died, he was not allowed to attend her burial. He says that his separation from his mother made him have no emotions for her such that her death hit him like the death of a stranger (Douglass 12). This is emotional torture perpetrated on Douglass. There is also the stated incidence in which a woman was whipped in front of her children (Douglass 17). This is emotional torture on the children. An example of how slave-holders psychologically tortured their slaves is seen when Colonel Lloyd meets one of his slaves who speaks ill of him. After the incident, Colonel Lloyd postpones the punishment for this act until two weeks later. The delay of punishment can be seen as psychological torture on the slave (Douglass 34). Sexual abuse Although Douglass does not give much evidence about sexual abuse, the reader is left to make his/her conclusions about this issue. First of all, Douglass’s father is said to be an unknown white man who is suspected to be his master. The fact that his father is unknown is a clear indication that his mother was sexually abused during his conception. This is also evidenced by the fact that his master was the chief suspect. Since masters were never good to their slaves. It is apparent that Douglass’s mother was forced into having sex with the man who bore Douglass. Another evidence of sexual abuse perpetrated on slaves is seen when Aunt Hester is whipped. There was also the rule that children who were born by black women belonging to white fathers were to be regarded as slaves (Douglass 13). This is enough evidence that the whites (masters) were sexually abusing slaves since for them to develop such a rule, there must have been several cases of children born by white men and black women. The rule is an indication that they had, kind of, legalized this behavior. It was also an evidence of the inhumanity that the masters had if they could send their own children to experience the woes of slavery.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Narrative of the Life of Fredrick Douglass – An American Slave specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Poor living conditions The slaves were provided with very poor living conditions. After a very busy day with whippings, slaves had limited time for household chores and thus they lacked enough time to sleep. They all slept on cold floors covered with very poor blankets. Slaves were provided with clothes annually. This meant that when a slave missed clothes, he/she could stay with tatters for two years. The clothes provided include two linen shirts, two linen trousers, one jacket, and another trouser for winter, a pair of shoes and stockings. Food was given on a monthly basis. Children of both sexes between the ages seven years and ten years were always naked. These were the characteristics of the â€Å"Great House Farm† (Douglass 17) which was the prestigious â€Å"workplace† of the slaves (Douglass 17). One wonders what the conditions of other lesser farms were. Dehumanization There are many cases of dehumanization in Douglass’s book. First of all, the slaves were overworked in the field and they received severe beatings while working. The effect of this can be seen when Douglass was taken to Mr. Covey. He was overworked and whipped routinely until he lost consciousness while carrying out his duties in the field. Another evidence of dehumanization of slaves is seen when Douglass’s master dies. His death is followed by the inher itance of slaves along with livestock and other property (Douglass 16). Other acts of inhumanity Other acts of inhumanity in the book include the jailing of Douglass and his friends after an attempted escape. Additionally, while Douglass was working as a Caulker in Baltimore, all his wages were given to his master, Auld. The slaves were also denied their rights to literacy. However, Douglass beat the system and found his ways of attaining literacy. His literacy contributed greatly to his fight against slavery (Douglass 15). There is evidence that some slaves were killed for no apparent reason. This is evidenced in the description of the character of one of the overseers of Douglass’s master named Mr. Plummer. He is said to have been beheading women slaves (Douglass 13). Conclusion Many people doubted that Douglass was a slave due to his language skills but his book gave the proof that he was actually a slave. His description of the events and the environments of American sla very is filled with a lot of evidence of truthfulness inform of names. Among the names of places that are repeatedly mentioned in this book are the â€Å"Great House Farm† (Douglass 17), the Chesapeake Bay, the Baltimore, etc. On the other hand, events that are highlighted in this book are all meant to show the suffering of the slaves. These events include the singing of the slaves, who worked in the â€Å"Great House Farm† (Douglass 17) and events during which slaves were tortured or mistreated. Advertising Looking for report on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The latter include the whipping of Aunt Hester, the whipping of a woman in front of her kids, the collapsing of Douglass while working on the field and his subsequent fight with Mr. Covey, the whipping of Douglass’s mother in the morning after failing to make it to the farm by sunrise etc (Douglass 12-17). All these events are meant to show the brutality that was perpetrated against American slaves. Works Cited Douglass, Frederick. Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass-An American Slave. U.S: Yale University, 2001. Print. This report on Narrative of the Life of Fredrick Douglass – An American Slave was written and submitted by user Samuel Ryan to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.